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Kossuth Rádió
Kossuth Rádió (formerly known as ''MR1-Kossuth Rádió'', ''Radio Budapest'' and ''Budapest I.'')〔 is the national radio station of Hungary. It was established in 1925 as Budapest I. and named after Lajos Kossuth, a Hungarian national hero, in 1949.〔(Fucskó Lajos: A magyar középhullámú műsorszórás (History of the Hungarian medium wave broadcasting, 1924-1975), Híradástechnika, 1975 (Hungarian) )〕 The main Hungarian-language radio station can be heard all over Central Europe; Antenna Hungária broadcasts it with 2 MW power on 540 kHz AM from transmitter Solt (the most powerful medium wave transmitter in the world)〔(List of medium wave transmitters worldwide, MWLIST - longwave, mediumwave, tropical bands and shortwave radio database (English) )〕 and several FM stations, covering Hungary and the neighbouring countries. It is the second most popular radio station in Hungary (as 2013) with 1.38 million listeners (14% of the total population) daily.〔(Hungarian radio stations by listeners (2013), data from TNS-Hoffmann–Mediameter company, Magyar Nemzet (Hungarian) )〕
== History ==
It was established in 1925 as ''Budapest I.'' and broadcast from Csepel (then suburb of Budapest, now part of the city) with a 2 kW Telefunken-made transmitter on 565 metres AM.〔 The first experimental programme began with this sentence: "Halló-halló! Itt a magyarországi rádióhírmondó 2 kW-os leadó állomása az 565 méteres hullámhosszon." ("Hallo-hallo! Here's the transmitter of the Hungarian radio broadcasting with 2 kW on 565 metres AM.").〔 The first headquarters were built at Rákóczi Avenue and a new 3 kW tower was installed in 1926. At that time the radio was available only in and around Budapest.
National broadcasting started in 1928, when Csepel transmitter was replaced with the 20 kW-strong Lakihegy Tower.〔(A Magyar Rádió, a magyar kultúra szolgálatában (Hungarian radio between 1933 and 1938), Magyar Elektronikus Könyvtár (Hungarian Digital Library, Hungarian) )〕 In the 1930s several new towers were built; Mosonmagyaróvár, Miskolc, Pécs, Nyíregyháza in 1932 and the new Lakihegy Tower with 120 kW (then the most powerful transmitter in the world) in 1933.〔 New shows and programmes were launched continuously, the most popular was the Hungarian folk music in Gypsy style, heard after the noon bell. The radio station reached 300,000 listeners in 1933.〔
At the end of the World War II all Hungarian radio towers were exploded by the German army. Reconstruction finished in 1948 and ''Budapest I.'' was renamed to ''Kossuth Rádió'' after Lajos Kossuth in 1949, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Hungarian revolution of 1848-1849. Lakihegy Tower was rebuilt again in 1968 with a new 300 kW transmitter, but it was getting out of date, so the government decided to build a much powerful tower. Transmitter Solt was finished in 1977 with 2000 kW as a high priority project with the cooperation of the Soviet Union.〔 Nationwide FM tansmitters built up in the 2000s and 2010s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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